en Health Policy پژوهشي Original article <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong>Background:</strong> Improving good governance in the pharmaceutical sector is a valuable priority for improving access to essential medicines. Transparency as a means for good governance was the focus of this study. The objective was to evaluate different sectors of the pharmaceutical regulatory sector of Iran from the aspect of transparency. Awareness of the current situation may assist policymakers in making the right decisions.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong>Methods:</strong> The aim of this methodology was to present only quantitative measurement but to gather qualitative information as well. The study was carried from November 2016 to July 2017. The questionnaires of the assessment instrument, which the World Health Organization (WHO) produced for measuring transparency in the public pharmaceutical sector, was used. The interviewees were among managers and staff at different levels of the Food and Drug Administration (IFDA) of Iran and its clients.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong>Results: </strong>Medicines registration and distribution of medicines&rsquo; scores in the 10-point rating system means that they are minimally vulnerable to corruption. Besides, medicine promotion control and procurement of medical products got an acceptable score, which means that they are marginally vulnerable to corruption. On the other hand, qualitative findings and observation of the evidence presented by key informants proved the sufficient legal capacity for transparency in almost all sections. The controversial issue was the &lsquo;conflict of interests,&rsquo; which was not anticipated in some cases.</span></p> <p><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is valuable to know if Iran&rsquo;s medicine regulatory sector is transparent In order to improve good governance, transparency should be maximized in all sectors, and this is possible by implementing mechanized actions and online tools.</span></p> <h2></h2> Pharmacy administration, Drug and narcotic control, Evaluation, Pharmacoeconomics, Iran 197 208 http://jebhpme.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-235-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Yasaman Herandi Yasaman.herandi89@gmail.com 0000-0003-2900-3240 Yes Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shekoufeh Nikfar 0000-0002-5206-6197 No Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hossein Bouzarjomehri 0000-0001-8465-4383 No Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Akbar Abdollahiasl 0000-0002-3686-4770 No Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran