Volume 6, Issue 1 (1-2022)
EBHPME 2022, 6(1): 41-51 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Gholizadeh M, Heydari S, Mir N, Taghipour H, Hatamzadeh N, Jalilian H. Evaluation of Self-Care and its Association with Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. EBHPME 2022; 6 (1) :41-51
URL: http://jebhpme.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-358-en.html
URL: http://jebhpme.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-358-en.html
Masoumeh Gholizadeh 
, Somayeh Heydari , Nazanin Mir , Havjin Taghipour , Nasser Hatamzadeh , Habib Jalilian *
, Somayeh Heydari , Nazanin Mir , Havjin Taghipour , Nasser Hatamzadeh , Habib Jalilian *
Department of Health Services Management, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran , jalilian.mg86@gmail.com
Abstract: (1459 Views)
Background: Diabetes is a chronic illness which requires continuous self-care. Appropriate self-care can reduce the risks of developing complications and improve the Quality of Life (QoL). This study aimed to examine self-care and its association with quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in East Azerbaijan, Iran, in 2018.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population included all patients with type 2 diabetes in East Azerbaijan, in 2018. 310 patients were included using consecutive sampling. The summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire (SDSCA) and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-12) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS22. Descriptive statistics such as mean, Standard Deviation (SD), frequency, and percentage were applied to describe the characteristics of the respondents. The Spearman correlation, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied for statistical analysis.
Results: The mean scores of self-care and QoL were estimated to be 42.14 ± 61.63 and 53.25 ± 51.73, respectively. The highest mean of self-care and QoL was related to medications and social functioning which were 96.03 and 68.34. There was no correlation between the total mean score of self-care and QoL (P-value = 0.65). Moreover, a significant correlation was found between medication (insulin), exercise, blood-glucose testing and the total score of QoL (P-value < 0 .05).
Conclusion: The results indicated that self-care in patients with diabetes is poor, and the patients’ QoL is moderate. Therefore, it is suggested that managers of health centres take appropriate measures such as educational programs and executive interventions to enhance self-care in patients with diabetes. Moreover, to increase QoL, more attention should be paid to promote exercise and diet behaviours.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population included all patients with type 2 diabetes in East Azerbaijan, in 2018. 310 patients were included using consecutive sampling. The summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire (SDSCA) and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-12) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS22. Descriptive statistics such as mean, Standard Deviation (SD), frequency, and percentage were applied to describe the characteristics of the respondents. The Spearman correlation, Mann Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were applied for statistical analysis.
Results: The mean scores of self-care and QoL were estimated to be 42.14 ± 61.63 and 53.25 ± 51.73, respectively. The highest mean of self-care and QoL was related to medications and social functioning which were 96.03 and 68.34. There was no correlation between the total mean score of self-care and QoL (P-value = 0.65). Moreover, a significant correlation was found between medication (insulin), exercise, blood-glucose testing and the total score of QoL (P-value < 0 .05).
Conclusion: The results indicated that self-care in patients with diabetes is poor, and the patients’ QoL is moderate. Therefore, it is suggested that managers of health centres take appropriate measures such as educational programs and executive interventions to enhance self-care in patients with diabetes. Moreover, to increase QoL, more attention should be paid to promote exercise and diet behaviours.
Type of Study: Original article |
Subject:
Healt care Management
Received: 2021/09/6 | Accepted: 2022/01/30 | Published: 2022/03/29
Received: 2021/09/6 | Accepted: 2022/01/30 | Published: 2022/03/29
References
1. Caluyong MB, Zambrana AF, Romanow HC, Nathan HJ, Nahas R, Poulin PA. The relationship between mindfulness, depression, diabetes self-care, and health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Mindfulness. 2015; 6(6): 1313-21. [DOI:10.1007/s12671-015-0401-z]
2. (IDF) TIDF. Diabetes facts & figures. Available from URL: https://idforg/aboutdiabetes/what-is-diabetes/facts-figureshtml. Latest Access: September 21, 2021.
3. Dunachie S, Chamnan P. The double burden of diabetes and global infection in low and middle-income countries. Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2019; 113(2): 56-64. [DOI:10.1093/trstmh/try124try124]
4. (IDF) TIDF. Diabetes facts & figures. MENA Members. Available from URL: https://idforg/ our-network/regions-members/middle-east-and-north-africa/ members/35-iranhtml. Latest Access: January 11, 2020.
5. Handelsman Y, Bloomgarden ZT, Grunberger G, Umpierrez G, Zimmerman RS, Bailey TS, et al. American association of clinical endocrinologists and American college of endocrinology-clinical practice guidelines for developing a Diabetes mellitus comprehensive care plan-2015. Endocrine Practice. 2015; 21(1): 1-87. [DOI:10.4158/EP15672.GL]
6. Association AD. Standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes care. 2005; 28(suppl 1): s4-s36. [DOI:10.2337/diacare.28.suppl_1.S4]
7. Shrivastava SR, Shrivastava PS, Ramasamy J. Role of self-care in management of diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders. 2013; 12 (1): 1-5. [DOI:10.1186/2251-6581-12-14]
8. Powers MA, Bardsley J, Cypress M, Duker P, Funnell MM, Fischl AH, et al. Diabetes self-management education and support in type 2 Diabetes: A joint position statement of the American diabetes association, the American association of diabetes educators, and the academy of nutrition and dietetics. Clinical Diabetes. 2016; 34(2): 70-80. [DOI:10.2337/diaclin.34.2.70]
9. Funnell MM, Brown TL, Childs BP, Haas LB, Hosey GM, Jensen B, et al. National standards for Diabetes self-management education. Diabetes Care. 2009; 32(1): S87-S94. [DOI:10.2337/dc09-S087]
10. Ahola AJ, Saraheimo M, Forsblom C, Hietala K, Sintonen H, Groop P-H, et al. Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1diabetes-association with diabetic complications (the FinnDiane study). Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2010; 25(6): 1903-8. [DOI:10.1093/ndt/gfp709]
11. Solli O, Stavem K, Kristiansen IS. Health-related quality of life in diabetes: The associations of complications with EQ-5D scores. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2010; 8(1): 18. [DOI:10.1186/1477-7525-8-18]
12. Clarke W, Deeb LC, Jameson P, Kaufman F, Klingensmith G, Schatz D, et al. Diabetes care in the school and day care setting. Diabetes Care. 2013; 36 (Suppl 1): S75-9. [DOI:10.2337/dc13-S075]
13. Anderson BJ. Families and chronic illness research: Targeting transitions and tools--Commentary on Trief et al.(2006). Families, Systems and Health. 2006; 24(3): 332-5. [DOI:10.1037/1091-7527.24.3.332]
14. Saleh F, Mumu SJ, Ara F, Hafez MA, Ali L. Non-adherence to self-care practices & medication and health related quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. BMC public health. 2014; 14 (1); 431. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-14-431]
15. Jermendy G, Erdesz D, Nagy L, Yin D, Phatak H, Karve S, et al. Outcomes of adding second hypoglycemic drug after metformin monotherapy failure among type 2 diabetes in Hungary. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2008;6(1):1-8. [DOI:10.1186/1477-7525-6-88]
16. Prajapati VB, Blake R, Acharya LD, Seshadri S. Assessment of quality of life in type II diabetic patients using the modified diabetes quality of life (MDQoL)-17 questionnaire. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2017; 53(4): 1-9. [DOI:10.1590/s2175-97902017000417144]
17. Snoek FJ. Quality of life: A closer look at measuring patients' well-being. Diabetes Spectrum. 2000; 13(1): 24-8.
18. Acharya LD, Shaistakareem, Farooq KK A, Mallayasamy S. Development and validation of quality of life assessment instrument for diabetic patients. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences. 2014; 4(4): 1114-20.
19. Rubin RR, Peyrot M. Quality of life and diabetes. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. 1999; 15(3): 205-18. [DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1520-7560(199905/06)15:33.0.CO;2-O]
20. Kiadaliri A, Najafi B, Mirmalek-Sani M. Quality of life in people with diabetes: A systematic review of studies in Iran. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders. 2013; 12(1): 1-10. [DOI:10.1186/2251-6581-12-54]
21. Toobert DJ, Hampson SE, Glasgow RE. The summary of Diabetes self-care activities measure: Results from 7 studies and a revised scale. Diabetes Care. 2000; 23(7): 943-50. [DOI:10.2337/diacare.23.7.943]
22. Pourisharif H, Babapour J, Zamani R, Besharat MA, Mehryar AH, Rajab A. The effectiveness of motivational interviewing in improving health outcomes in adults with type 2 Diabetes. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2010; 5: 1580-4. [DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.328]
23. Ware Jr JE, Kosinski M, Keller SD. A 12-item short-form health survey: Construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Medical Care. 1996: 32(3): 220-33. [DOI:10.1097/00005650-199603000-00003]
24. Montazeri A, Vahdaninia M, Mousavi SJ, Omidvari S. The Iranian version of 12-item short form health survey (SF-12): Factor structure, internal consistency and construct validity. BMC Public Health. 2009; 9(1): 341-0. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-9-341]
25. Ausili D, Bulgheroni M, Ballatore P, Specchia C, Ajdini A, Bezze S, et al. Self-care, quality of life and clinical outcomes of type 2 Diabetes patients: An observational cross-sectional study. Acta Diabetologica. 2017; 54(11): 1001-8. [DOI:10.1007/s00592-017-1035-5]
26. Koponen AM, Simonsen N, Suominen S. Determinants of physical activity among patients with type 2 Diabetes: The role of perceived autonomy support, autonomous motivation and self-care competence. Psychology, Health & Medicine. 2017; 22(3): 332-44. [DOI:10.1080/13548506.2016.1154179]
27. Egan A, Mahmood W, Fenton R, Redziniak N, Kyaw Tun T, Sreenan S, et al. Barriers to exercise in obese patients with type 2 Diabetes. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2013; 106(7): 635-8. [DOI:10.1093/qjmed/hct075]
28. Delahanty LM, Grant RW, Wittenberg E, Bosch JL, Wexler DJ, Cagliero E, et al. Association of diabetes-related emotional distress with diabetes treatment in primary care patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetic Medicine : A Journal of the British Diabetic Association. 2007; 24(1): 48-54. [DOI:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02028.x]
29. Gonzalez JS, Esbitt SA, Schneider HE, Osborne PJ, Kupperman EG. Psychological issues in adults with type 2 Diabetes. In: Pagoto S, editor. psychological co-morbidities of physical illness: A behavioral medicine perspective. New York, NY: Springer New York; 2011: 73-121. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4419-0029-6_2]
30. Poorgharahkhan A, Hekmatpou D, Javaherie A, Takhti A. The effect of factors satisfaction of disease control and self-care behavior on quality of life of patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2. Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery. 2016;5(2). 64-74. [In Persian].
31. Amelia R. The model of self care behaviour and the relationship with quality of life, metabolic control and lipid control of type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients in Binjai city, Indonesia. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2018; 6(9): 1762-7. [DOI:10.3889/oamjms.2018.363]
32. İlhan N, Telli S, Temel B, Aştı T. Health literacy and diabetes self-care in individuals with type 2 Diabetes in Turkey. Primary Care Diabetes. 2021; 15(1): 74-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.pcd.2020.06.009]
33. Jannoo Z, Wah YB, Lazim AM, Hassali MA. Examining diabetes distress, medication adherence, diabetes self-care activities, diabetes-specific quality of life and health-related quality of life among type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology. 2017; 9: 48-54. [DOI:10.1016/j.jcte.2017.07.003]
34. Baraz S, Zarea K, Shahbazian HB. Impact of the self-care education program on quality of life in patients with type II diabetes. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2017; 11(2): S1065-S8. [DOI:10.1016/j.dsx.2017.07.043]
35. O'Shea MP, Teeling M, Bennett K. Comorbidity, health-related quality of life and self-care in type 2 Diabetes: A cross-sectional study in an outpatient population. Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971-). 2015; 184(3): 623-30. [DOI:10.1007/s11845-014-1190-4]
36. Rintala T-M, Jaatinen P, Paavilainen E, Åstedt-Kurki P. Interrelation between adult persons with diabetes and their family: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of family nursing. 2013;19(1): 3-28. [DOI:10.1177/1074840712471899]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
